Santé Voyages : Boutique, Préventions, Vaccins et traitements pour la santé du voyageur

Abstract

Objectives

Four hundred million people or more may be exposed to iodine deficiency worldwide, in developing countries in particular. Because of the pratical problems with existing methods for the large-scale prevention of iodine deficiency, the authors developed a new approach to collective prophylaxis.

Methods

This approach relies on the controlled diffusion of iodine into water from a silicone elastomer. Silicone matrices intalled in a bore well released iodine at a rate sufficient to permit the daily per capita intake of at least 100µg of iodine, the amount recommended by the World Health Organization. The matrices were tested over 1 year in a village in Mali, West Africa, an area in which goiter was highly endemic. The effects on the well water and population were compared with those of a lacebo system in a control village.
Results. An increase in urinary iodine levels was observed in the treated population, and after 12 months the incidence of goiter had fallen 53.2% to 29.2%.

Conclusions

This new concept, adaptable to all sources of water supply, may contribute to the eradication of iodine deficiency.
(Am J Public Health. 1993 ;83:540-545)


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